HostPooling Pool and Spa Services and Supplies

HostPooling Pool and Spa Services and Supplies

Weather Resistant

Our Wobbling Earth, Wobbled by the World's Weather

As it rotates, the Earth wobbles as it spins on its axis. And as it slows down, the planet develops a host of different wobbles, ranging in time period from a few minutes to billions of years.

The mystery of why the position of the Earth's poles wobbles by 7 meters has been solved by a NASA scientist. The wobble, which has a 433-day cycle, was discovered by the astronomer Seth Chandler in 1891 but no one could explain it. This is known, quite rightly as the Chandler wobble.

It would appear that changes in the ocean pressure on the Earth's crust are causing the wobble.
The earth vibrates at certain resonant frequencies. Small shifts in ocean circulation, caused by changes in winds and  sea salinity, affect the water pressure on the crust. This pressure change in turn alters one of  the Earth's natural vibration frequencies, causing the wobble.

There is also an annual wobble caused by the pull of the Sun and Moon as the earth rotates around the Sun through the year, tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees on the earth's axis of rotation.
The daily rotation of the planet creates a bulge at the equator, and the gravity of the Sun and Moon tends to pull this bulge back toward the orbital plane.

However the Earth tends to resist this pull as it hurtles around it's orbit. Consequently the axis moves in a cone-shaped pattern, called a precession, with the celestial North Pole completing a full circle every 26,000 years roughly. As we speak  the north celestial pole is pointing towards Polaris, the North Star, but it used to point to Vega, and in 14,000 years it will point at Vega once again. During this time the earth's tilt remains at 23.5 degrees.

These two wobbles together can tilt the Earth's axis up to 30 feet from its normal axis.

However, smaller variations, lasting a week or so, have proved more difficult to study, partly because they're cloaked by the more conspicuous wobbles. Now scientists say changes in the weather cause small wobbles in the entire planet's spin. From November 2005 until February 2006, the Chandler and annual wobbles pretty much cancelled each other out. This allowed scientists to study the minor variations. Using GPS data to establish the exact location of the poles, these clever boffins determined that world weather patterns play a significant role in the small wobbles.

The location of cyclonic and anti-cyclonic centres and the relation of these high and low pressure systems to each other played a measurable role in producing small, short-term wobbles. These systems caused the pole positions to swing in small loops ranging from a couple of centimetres to several inches. The study also proved that ocean pressure variations also coincided with these small polar loops.

So it would appear that day to day changes in the world's weather has a small, but definite and measurable, effect on the earth's rotation.

 

About the Author

Mark Boardman BSc dip.hyp is a leading author and expert on world weather. For more information about our planets weather, go and look at these sites.

Mark's Hypnosis Site.

Purdue students invent innovative, weather-resistant shelter for disaster victims

Fire Resistant Insulation Complements Safety Systems

It is all too easy for an accidental spark to start a blaze. And, as the nation has recently seen, weather can prolong and expand the reach of the flames. However, using fire resistant foam as insulation in your home or office offers some defense against smaller blazes.

Foam insulation spray offers another means of insulating a building. It is cost effective in the energy output it saves you. It is also greener than other insulating materials and flame resistant.

Foam is effective as a sealant because it expands to fill every crevice and empty space, even between joists and joints. In this way, the insulator keeps out air, dust, and pests.

As part of a complete fire protection system, its sealing feature is also a great benefit. With the foam, you don't have to worry about air pockets within the material where combustibles can collect or cause other hazardous problems.

You also don't have to worry about the flames getting into unfilled pockets to either burn your building from the inside out or become hotbeds should a fire occur. Additionally, the spray insulation keeps air out, prevents more air from reaching a blaze or causing dangerous backdrafts.

One of the best features about fire resistant insulation is that the material itself doesn't burn. Even if fire somehow gets into the insulation, the foam doesn't catch fire. Admittedly, after prolonged exposure to flames, the surface shows charring, but the flames never take hold. Considering the cost of rampant fire damage, charring is an acceptable and more affordable trade off.

In trial tests, investigators built three sample crawl spaces. This trial was conducted to compare the performances of one type of insulator to an untreated "calibration" construction. This first was used for a calibration test. The other two were treated with one type of a spray in insulation product. Each crawl space was tested to a "failure time" in which the flames consumed the plywood or could no longer be sustained.

The calibration deck exhibited steady flames from the front after 6 minutes of exposure to a flame source placed inside the construct. After 9:30 minutes, the blaze penetrated the plywood.

The second and third tests reflected similar results, which surpassed the results of industry standard tests. Specifically, after 1:40 minutes, the controlled blaze ate into the insulation surface, but there was no ignition. After 3:40 minutes, there was sporadic ignition of the foam's surface. Ignition stopped after 8:30 minutes. In nearly ten minutes of exposure, there was no burn through of the test material nor the plywood above it.

The investigators allowed the flame to burn until the test collapsed, a period of nearly twenty minutes. The test was finally ended after 26 minutes.

There was charring over the entire insulating surface, and some loss of material where the flames touched the surface, but the plywood was completely intact as was the majority of the spray in material.

Other products don't last nearly as long in tests. Clearly, fire resistant insulation is an effective way to protect your building. The benefits are clear from the tests.

Choosing an environmentally friendly, easy to install and flame resistant product would be a great protection. Easy installation of foam insulation spray, allows you to spray it into a new or existing building. Foam systems for fire protection and insulation are a smart and efficient choice for any building.

About the Author

Fire hazards are a concern for any building owner. Creating a safe structure is a primary consideration. Employing fire resistant insulation is a smart choice. Visit Apex Foam Industries to see how their products can serve your needs. http://www.apexfoam.com

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